alternatives是Linux下的一个功能强大的命令。只能在root权限下执行。如系统中有几个命令功能十分类似,却又不能随意删除,那么可以用 alternatives 来指定一个全局的设置。
alternatives常用于同一个系统中安装同一软件的多个版本。比如为了开发需要,我需要安装JDK1.4.2,同时还需要JDK1.6.10,我怎么样才能忽略安装路径,按照我自己的意思,使用我想要的java版本呢?
下面为您一一道来。
alternatives的命令行执行如下:
[root@localhost tools]# alternatives
alternatives version 1.3.36 – Copyright (C) 2001 Red Hat, Inc.
This may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public License.
usage: alternatives –install <link> <name> <path> <priority>
[–initscript <service>]
[–slave <link> <name> <path>]*
alternatives –remove <name> <path>
alternatives –auto <name>
alternatives –config <name>
alternatives –display <name>
alternatives –set <name> <path>
common options: –verbose –test –help –usage –version
–altdir <directory> –admindir <directory>
说明:
alternatives –install <link> <name> <path> <priority>
其中,
install表示安装
link是符号链接
name则是标识符
path是执行文件的路径
priority则表示优先级
以java的安装为例,我的Fedora 8下自带了两种java版本,分别如下:
Selection Command
———————————————–
* 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-icedtea/bin/java
2 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.5.0-gcj/bin/java
我在目录/tools/jdk安装了java version "1.4.2_19"
[root@localhost test]# alternatives –install /usr/bin/java java /tools/jdk/bin/java 3
[root@localhost test]# alternatives –config java
There are 3 programs which provide 'java'.
Selection Command
———————————————–
*+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-icedtea/bin/java
2 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.5.0-gcj/bin/java
3 /tools/jdk/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 3
我还在目录/tools/jdk6下安装了java version "1.6.0_12"
[root@localhost test]# alternatives –install /usr/bin/java java /tools/jdk6/bin/java 4
[root@localhost test]# alternatives –config java
There are 4 programs which provide 'java'.
Selection Command
———————————————–
* 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-icedtea/bin/java
2 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.5.0-gcj/bin/java
+ 3 /tools/jdk/bin/java
4 /tools/jdk6/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 4
用alternatives –config java就可以选择你想要的Java版本。
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